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Bronchial asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, coughing, and chest tightness. It is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.
The treatment of bronchial asthma aims to control symptoms, prevent exacerbations, and improve overall lung function. It involves a combination of medication and lifestyle management strategies.
- Medications:
- Short-acting bronchodilators: for quick relief of acute symptoms during asthma attacks.
- Long-acting bronchodilators: to control symptoms and prevent asthma attacks.
- Inhaled corticosteroids: to reduce airway inflammation and are commonly used as a long-term controller medication.
- Combination inhalers: These contain both a long-acting bronchodilator and an inhaled corticosteroid.
- Oral corticosteroids: These may be prescribed for severe asthma exacerbations
- Trigger avoidance: Identifying and avoiding triggers that can worsen asthma symptoms is crucial. Common triggers include allergens (such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander), air pollution, tobacco smoke, respiratory infections, exercise, and certain medications.
- Allergy management: For individuals with allergic asthma, managing underlying allergies can help improve asthma control.
It's important for individuals with bronchial asthma to work closely with their healthcare provider to develop an individualized treatment plan based on the severity of their condition and their specific needs, and regular follow up visits.
