Obesity is a prevalent condition within society and is often underestimated in terms of its seriousness; however, in reality, it is considered one of the most dangerous health disorders. Obesity results from an imbalance between the energy consumed through food and the energy expended by the body.

Several surgical procedures are available for the treatment of obesity, including:

• Sleeve Gastrectomy: A minimally invasive surgical procedure performed using laparoscopic techniques. Specialized instruments are inserted through small incisions (approximately three to four ports), and nearly 80% of the stomach is surgically removed. Prior to extracting the resected portion of the stomach through one of the incisions, thorough intraoperative tests are conducted to ensure the absence of bleeding or leakage.
• Gastric Bypass: This procedure is typically indicated in cases of severe or morbid obesity, or for patients who experience significant weight regain following a previous bariatric surgery.

Reducing the size of the stomach leads to hormonal changes that contribute to weight loss by influencing hunger and appetite-regulating hormones. Additionally, it limits the quantity of food consumed and promotes substantial, healthy modifications in dietary habits and lifestyle. Collectively, these changes support sustainable weight reduction and help patients achieve and maintain an ideal body weight.